Drain, Ventriculostomy

Entry Points

Kocher's Point

The entry site is 11 cm posterior to and 3 cm lateral to the nasion.


Keen's Point

The entry site is 3 cm above and 3 cm behind the pinna.[1][2]


Right VPS through right Keen's point in an old patient with a history of IPH, IVH, and communicating hydrocephalus.


Frazier's Point

The entry site is 6 cm above and 4 cm lateral to the inion.


  1. Neurosurgery Wiki ↩︎

  2. Endoscopic surgery for thalamic hemorrhage: a technical note - PubMed ↩︎